Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-thermal light therapy that uses specific wavelengths of light, primarily in the red (600–700 nm) and near-infrared (NIR) (750–1100 nm) spectrum, to modulate biological processes at the cellular level. PBM is also referred to as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or cold laser therapy. The mechanism of action is primarily linked to the absorption of photons by mitochondrial chromophores, such as cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) in the electron transport chain, leading to increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the release of nitric oxide (NO), which collectively enhance cellular metabolism and function.
Continued research and development is being conducted for each of the topics listed below, the result of which comes in the form of articles written to help educate and inform readers of the technology.
Background Science – Photobiomodulation Science
Highlights Laser acupuncture significantly improved speech comprehension, expression, and social interaction in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Treatment was
Highlights Acupuncture and laser acupuncture show effectiveness in reducing pain in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Laser acupuncture demonstrates high efficacy compared
Highlights Low-level (LLLT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) are both effective for musculoskeletal conditions. Current evidence does not support clear
Highlights Pulsed and continuous photobiomodulation (PBM) may produce distinct biological effects. Pulsed light can reduce tissue heating while allowing higher
Highlights Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, and there is still no cure capable of stopping
Highlights Well tolerated at multiple settings: Participants tolerated low, medium, and high tPBM settings well. Side effects similar to sham:
Highlights A randomized, sham-controlled pilot trial tested whether pulsed near-infrared transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) could support symptoms in children with autism
Highlights Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects more than 10 million people worldwide, causing tremor, stiffness, slowed movement, balance problems, and cognitive
Highlights Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of vision loss in diabetes and is driven by retinal fluid
Highlights Dementia affects millions of people worldwide and is a leading cause of disability in older adults. The aim of
AVANT – Literature Reviews
Highlights Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a safe, non-invasive therapy with promising applications for wrist and elbow disorders. Clinical evidence demonstrates improvements
Highlights Photobiomodulation (PBM) is emerging as a promising complementary therapy for mental health conditions. Clinical evidence suggests benefits for anxiety,
Highlights Violet photobiomodulation (PBM ~405 nm) represents an emerging modality within visible-light PBM. Violet light demonstrates strong antimicrobial and antiviral
Highlights Shoulder and neck pain are leading causes of musculoskeletal disability. PBM therapy shows consistent benefits for pain relief and
Highlights The gut microbiota plays a central role in immune regulation, inflammation, and brain function through the gut–brain axis. Intestinal
AVANT – Research
Highlights: Preliminary, placebo-controlled pilot in rotating-shift firefighters (PBM n=3 vs placebo n=3): PBM was associated with better overall sleep quality
Highlights Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) causes pain, numbness, tingling, and reduced hand strength. A single session of low-level laser therapy
Highlights In a mouse model of inflammatory pain, Class 3B laser photobiomodulation (PBM) reduced pain sensitivity in a dose-dependent The
Highlights Laser photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapy that modulates cellular metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. A clinical study conducted
What a Preclinical Study Suggests About How It May Work Highlights: In a mouse model of inflammatory pain, Class
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and affects thousands of people every year. Even after the
Photobiomodulation (PBM) with green laser light—typically ranging from 505 to 532 nm—has been investigated across a wide array of biological
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been investigated for its interactions with mitochondrial bioenergetics, particularly its influence on the electron transport chain (ETC).
Segmental vitiligo (SV) is a chronic skin condition marked by localized loss of pigmentation, typically appearing on one side of
Chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major challenge among military veterans, often leading to long-term cognitive dysfunction and reduced
AVANT – Case Reports
Highlights In this case report, a middle-aged adult with persistent low back pain reported a complete reduction in pain after
AVANT – Veterinary
Highlights Cold laser therapy (CLT) was evaluated as a non-antibiotic treatment for mastitis in organic dairy cattle. CLT reduced bacterial
Highlights Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-thermal light therapy using red and near-infrared wavelengths. PBM acts primarily at the mitochondrial level, especially on cytochrome c oxidase. The therapy modulates ATP production,...
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Highlights In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study, transcranial near-infrared stimulation (tNIRS) was associated with a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms. Improvements were observed right after treatment and were still present...
Highlights Laser needle acupuncture was associated with measurable changes in brain-related signals, including cerebral blood flow and fMRI activation patterns. Because the stimulation is typically imperceptible, researchers can run true...
Highlights Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) involves neurovascular dysfunction and chronic pain. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) improved nerve conduction and microcirculation. Laser-treated patients experienced greater pain reduction than controls. Improvements were...
Highlights In a study of healthy older women, transcranial LED light therapy was linked to increases in brain blood-flow speed in specific arteries. The clearest changes were seen in the...
Highlights In this case report, a middle-aged adult with persistent low back pain reported a complete reduction in pain after a short PBM treatment series. Treatment used dual-wavelength red +...
Highlights Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-thermal light therapy using red and near-infrared wavelengths. PBM acts primarily at the mitochondrial level, especially on cytochrome c oxidase. The therapy modulates ATP production,...
Educational Resource Notice:
This page provides research summaries and background reading for educational purposes only. It is not AVANT labeling and is not intended to promote uses beyond AVANT’s FDA-cleared indications. Some studies summarized here involve specific clinical populations and outcomes; these summaries do not establish that AVANT is cleared to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results vary. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical advice.