Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by pain, tingling, sensory loss, and impaired nerve function. Conventional treatment—typically focused on glycemic control and pain management—has limited ability to restore nerve function. In this context, complementary therapies such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) have gained attention due to their anti-inflammatory, microcirculatory, and neuroregenerative effects.
A study published in the Journal of Advanced Research evaluated the impact of LLLT on neurovascular function in individuals with DPN and demonstrated clinically meaningful outcomes with implications for non-invasive neurological rehabilitation.
The Laser-Based Intervention
The research used the Bravo Style Laser Scanner device (ASA Co., Italy), which combines continuous-wave helium-neon (He–Ne) laser (850 nm) and pulsed infrared laser (905 nm). The device was carefully calibrated to ensure safety and effectiveness, delivering an energy density of 5.7 J/cm² per treated area.
LLLT was applied to two regions: the plantar surface of the feet and the lumbosacral area. Each region received 15 minutes of laser exposure through a computerized sweeping motion at a 30 ± 15-degree angle, with the laser head placed 30 cm from the skin. Each participant underwent 12 sessions over four weeks, with three sessions per week.
Importantly, the control group followed the same procedures, but with the device turned off—allowing a valid comparison of the laser’s physiological effects.
Clinically Significant Results
The results revealed marked improvements in nerve and vascular function in the laser-treated group. Specifically, there was a significant increase in nerve conduction velocity and action potential amplitude, particularly in the sural nerve. No such changes were seen in the control group.
Skin blood perfusion also improved significantly at all measured points in the laser group, indicating better microcirculation. While both groups reported reduced pain, the laser group experienced a significantly greater reduction.
The authors suggest these effects may involve enhanced axonal regeneration, increased ATP production, Schwann cell proliferation, vasodilation via cytokine release, and inhibition of pain signal transmission through small nerve fibers.
Final Remarks by the Authors
Based on the results, the authors conclude that LLLT may serve as a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for improving neurovascular function in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The observed improvements in nerve conduction and skin perfusion suggest that laser therapy may promote nerve regeneration and peripheral vascular health.
Despite the promising findings, the authors note the need for further studies with larger, double-blinded samples to validate these results and strengthen clinical recommendations.
Reference: Yamany AA, Sayed HM. Effect of low level laser therapy on neurovascular function of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Journal of Advanced Research. 2012; 3(1):21–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2011.02.009.